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Astronomers attempting to capture the first images of a black hole in the center of the Roman road, from the beginning indicated that the ambitious project was successful.
Expectations to be made by the Event Horizon Telescope are expected to be presented in spring in one of the most eagerly anticipated scientific notifications in 2019. Now, a senior scientist on the project said that "noticeable" data were collected during the observation of two black holes, including Shooters A * in the center of our galaxy.
"We got high quality data on very high resolutions that need to be taken into account [black hole’s] if it's really there, "said Sera Markoff, a professor of theoretical astrophysics and astrophysics at the University of Amsterdam, who is the head of the EWT Multi-Wave Working Group.
The team was in the final phase of the review of data collected in 2017, and Markoff was unable to confirm whether the observations created the first direct image of the black hole silhouette.
Professor Peter Galison, who is headquartered at the Harvard University's Science History Department and is also involved in the project, said that if it were successful, the first image of EHT would become one of the most important in the last 50 years of astronomy. . "If we get an image from it, it will become one of the iconic images of science," he said. "This is an extremely ambitious project."
There are few doubts about the existence of black holes: the phenomenally dense bodies distort the fabric of space-time in its vicinity, which makes objects and light appear in the opposite direction. Lately, the gravity observatory of the League has detected waves that were sent throughout the time when pairs of black holes collide.
So far, although the black hole has never been directly observed. The main obstacle is that the black holes are so compact that a telescope is needed to be approximately the size of the Earth to see even the closest one.
EHT avoids this by connecting 15-20 telescopes to the south, Europe, South America, Africa, North America and Australia. Together, the matrix has a resolution that is equivalent to being able to see a drawing jacket in London from New York.
EHT uses a technique called interferometry in which astronomers observe the same object on observatories on different continents at the same time, then gather the collected data into a supercomputer.
This requires that all telescopes in the matrix turn to the target black hole and measure each radio wave that comes from its direction. Coordination was "a great achievement for diplomacy and organization," says Galison.
EHT has two primary goals: Sagittarius A *, in the center of the Roman Road, and supermassive black hole, called M87 in the Device galaxies. The M87 is about 50 to 60 meters light, but with more than six billion solar masses (1000 times larger than our local black hole), astronomers hope to see it.
Nobody is sure how the image will look like, but theoretical predictions show a black silhouette, which is placed in the opposite light of radiation, something similar to the depiction in the film Interstellar. "Imagine seeing black shadow or depression," Markoff said.
In addition to telling us about the black holes, EHT can also reveal whether they have the properties that Einstein's theory of general relativity envisages, and gives insight into the exotic processes that occur in an extreme environment close to the horizon of events.
Detailed observations will also consist of dramatic jets of material that are pushed out of some black holes, including the M87. It is unclear whether Sagittarius A *, a relatively small black hole, jets – may be too weak to get noticed before – and EHT could solve this issue.
"We see these huge plasma jets moving almost at the speed of light," Markoff said. "They can be hundreds of millions of times larger than the black hole itself – larger than the galaxy."
Black holes play an important role in cosmology and contribute to the creation of a cosmic network in which galaxies are clustered in clusters around the universe.
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